There’s also the MMPI-A and MMPI-A-RF, which are two different versions of the test intended for adolescents ages 14–18. After the MMPI-2 was published in 1989, the MMPI-2-RF followed in 2008, and the MMPI-3 was published in 2020. Since then, several updated versions of the MMPI tests have been released regularly over time. Newer scales aimed to identify symptoms tied to various mental health disorders. Older versions of the test focused on clinical scales, each representing a clinical condition. The update revised outdated or offensive content and updated scales without making decades of research obsolete.
In 1989, an updated version of the test, called the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2), was released. By 1976, the test had been translated into 50 languages for global use. The test they created was first published in 1942 and gained widespread acceptance by the late 1950s. They created it for use at the university’s Department of Psychiatry, as previous self-report-style tests were not objective enough. The History Of The MMPIĪs explained on the University of Minnesota’s website, the MMPI was devised in 1937 by clinical psychologist Starke R.
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